Australia’s health 2016 is the 15th biennial health report of the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. This edition profiles current health issues in a collection of feature articles and statistical snapshots that cover a range of areas, including: The health status of Australians; Health expenditure; The major causes of ill health; Determinants of health; Health through the life course; Health of Indigenous Australians; Preventing and treating ill health; Health system performance.