This report provides a comprehensive assessment of the burden of non-communicable diseases across OECD and European Union countries, bringing together the latest evidence on disease burden, risk factors, health system performance and economic impacts. The report identifies country-specific priority areas for action.

This brief summarises the support measures governments have implemented in response to the sharp rise in energy prices linked to the Middle East conflict. Many OECD countries have moved quickly to provide support, most often through fuel-tax cuts and other price-support measures, while targeted income support and regulatory interventions have been used less widely.

Gender pay gaps are a critical manifestation of gender inequalities in the labour market, reflecting a range of differential outcomes and factors facing men and women today. Gender pay gaps also help to predict gender inequalities tomorrow. This technical paper provides key recommendations for pay gap reporting for public administrations.

The report looks at structural reforms in policy areas that have been identified as priorities to lift growth in OECD and selected non-OECD countries. The selection of priorities is supported by a database of internationally comparable indicators that enable countries to assess their economic performance and structural policies in a wide range of areas.

Large portions of spending by national governments can be considered mandatory. Drawing on practices from eight OECD countries, this paper examines how governments define, monitor and review mandatory spending. The analysis suggests that mandatory spending should be reviewed regularly, included in fiscal rules and budget processes, and be subject to clear accountabilities to parliament.