Adrian Beavis, David Curtis and Niola Curtis investigated the educational and occupational plans of junior secondary students, surveying 3271 financially disadvantaged students in years 8 and 9 who are part of the Smith Family's Learning for Life Program. They found that more than a third of the surveyed students do not fully understand the education level required to achieve their dream job. Some 23 percent of these students expect to gain employment in their chosen field despite the mismatch in their education and career plans, setting them up for disappointment later in life.