The Personal Support Programme (PSP), funded by the Department of Employment and Workplace Relations and delivered by non-government and private contractors, provides two years’ intensive case management to job seekers facing multiple personal barriers. Recent research by the Brotherhood of St Laurence, Melbourne Citymission and Hanover Welfare Services found that after involvement in PSP participants had somewhat higher levels of economic and social participation and less interference from barriers. Many elements of the PSP model are consistent with best practice overseas, but two serious weaknesses are the lack of integrated employment support and the severely limited funding restricting access to specialist services for participants.