On 2 December 2010 a new US-Australia Civilian Nuclear Cooperation Agreement entered into force, replacing the agreement in force from 5 July 1979.

This report, written by the Congressional Research Service states, ‘The agreement permits the export, subject to licensing, of information, material, equipment, and components for nuclear research and nuclear power production. The agreement does not permit transfer of restricted data, sensitive nuclear facilities, or major critical components of those facilities.'