Whether produced domestically or internationally, disinformation is a 'wicked' problem that has global impacts. Although trade agreements contain measures that address cross-border disinformation, domestically created disinformation remains out of their reach.

This paper looks at how policy-makers can use trade agreements to mitigate disinformation and spam, while implementing financial and trade sanctions against entities and countries that engage in disseminating cross-border disinformation. Developed and developing countries will need to work together to solve this global problem.