The inquiry into the 1996 election by the Joint Standing Committee on Electoral Matters reported that its 'most contentious topic' was that of electoral fraud. In particular, the enrolment procedure was seen as being open to abuse. In 2001 the Shepherdson Inquiry in Queensland indicated that the Commonwealth-State joint electoral roll can be manipulated due to the ease with which voters can enrol or change their enrolment. Most debate has emphasised that the level of such fraud is low in Australia. This Research Note summarises the issues.