In 2021, the Quad gained momentum with the inaugural Leaders’ Summit, raising regional expectations of the framework. With the Quad having announced initiatives in ten distinct areas, the region is eager to see tangible progress that avoids increasing strategic tensions.

In the lead up to the next Leaders’ Summit, this paper argues that the Quad should refine its efforts to better signal intentions, build credibility and deliver regional public goods. These should include consolidating and prioritising its existing areas for cooperation, and announcing new flagship projects in key fields – critical technology, infrastructure, and supply chains.