UntingCare CYPF is deeply concerned about the poor outcomes experienced by young people who are transitioning from out-of-home care (OOHC). These young people are among the most vulnerable, disadvantaged and traumatised group UnitingCare CYPF works with in our programs. Young people leaving care or who have left care are over-represented in the statistics on homelessness, early school leaving and contact with the criminal justice system. They are also more likely to have children at an early age and are at greater risk of having their own child taken into care.

This paper reviews Australian and international policies and programs that are relevant to improving outcomes for young people who are transitioning from OOHC to adulthood. Information on any evaluation evidence of the effectiveness of the policy and programs is outlined where this is available.

The paper begins by reviewing the research evidence on how young people fare after leaving care and what makes a difference in improving outcomes. It then outlines policy frameworks and key initiatives in each Australian state and territory. The paper also includes an overview of developments in the United Kingdom and the United States. It concludes by drawing out implications for policy and practice development, including a six-point plan to improve outcomes for young people who are transitioning from OOHC to adulthood in NSW.