The Cape York Welfare Reform (CYWR) aimed to reverse the deterioration of social and economic conditions in Cape York Indigenous communities over recent decades. The overall goal of the trial was to rebuild social norms, restore Indigenous authority and increase engagement in the ‘real economy’ in the Cape York communities of Aurukun, Coen, Hope Vale and Mossman Gorge. This evaluation report assesses the CYWR trial as a whole. It examines implementation progress, achievement of outcomes and the impact of the trial. 

Methods used include surveys with community members and service providers, stakeholder interviews and consultations, qualitative case studies and extensive quantitative data analysis (including comparing trends in outcomes with those in other communities in Queensland). 

Key findings

• The trial was implemented largely as intended.
• Differing levels of progress were made in addressing social change.
• Several communities had statistically significant improvements in school attendance.

The evaluation after only three years of the trial of welfare reform points to a promising level of progress, particularly relating to subtle but fundamental shifts in participant behaviour. The report argues if sustained and built upon, these shifts can be expected to yield significant positive longer-term results. It notes the challenge will be to consolidate the gains to date by providing genuine economic opportunities for individuals and families to continue the journey from welfare dependence to prosperous and fulfilling lifestyles.