This report offers the most comprehensive data to date on communications and media use in remote First Nations communities across Australia. It highlights the vital role of affordable communications, identifies barriers to digital inclusion, and identifies where further investment and programs can effectively strengthen digital inclusion in remote communities.

Digital inclusion means having reliable, safe and affordable access to the internet and digital technologies that are now critical for full participation in social, cultural and economic life, along with the skills, confidence and support needed to use these technologies effectively.

The findings reaffirm the critical role that reliable and affordable communications and media services in remote communities, while highlighting the strengths, adaptability and digital innovation already present. It outlines the systemic and multi-layered barriers that contribute to the digital gap. This evidence has helped guide community-led solutions as well as national and regional policy and programs aimed at strengthening digital inclusion for First Nations Australians in remote communities.

The report builds on the foundation of the 2024 report and provides updated analysis and case studies for the core elements of Access, Affordability, Digital Ability and Media and Information Services. It contributes to a growing evidence base of digital inclusion and provides a strong platform for the next phase of research (2025 to 2027). 

Key findings

• First Nations people living in remote communities are highly digitally engaged but face significant barriers to digital inclusion.
• Digital inclusion rates vary widely with remoteness from state to state.
• First Nations Australians face digital exclusion at twice the rate (41%) of other Australians (20%).
• Access is the greatest contributor to the digital gap.
• Rising affordability challenges since 2022 are a significant barrier to digital inclusion.
• Digital ability has improved but there remains a large gap relative to both First Nations and non-First Nations Australians.