Strategies for implementing a converged ICT regulator in Indonesia
This paper draws on a six month study that aimed to broadly clarify strategies for the Indonesian Government to address the issue of convergence. This paper reports on one aspect of this study that maps stakeholder policymaker opinions about a future converged regulator in Indonesia. Convergence refers to a trend in regulation that seeks to define a single regulatory structure for telecommunications, broadcasting and information technology. In particular, the specific aims of this study were to examine regulatory structures with regard to two parameters derived from the International Telecommunications Union (ITU): the level of independence, and institutional design. Using benchmarking as a method, three case studies of Malaysia, South Africa and the United Kingdom were selected and evaluated using published data from the ITU. These parameters were also used to characterise the current situation in Indonesia. Indonesia's current regulatory structure is exemplified by two regulators each with primary responsibility over telecommunications and broadcasting respectively. Each of these regulatory structures is complicated by shared responsibilities across regulatory divides as well as between central and provincial jurisdictions. There is also a marked difference in the level of autonomy that each regulatory body enjoys. While the telecommunications regulator, the Indonesian Telecommunications Regulatory Body (BRTI), is closely aligned to the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology (MCIT) the broadcasting regulator, the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (KPI), enjoys greater autonomy as it reports to the central legislature (DPR). In addition to these provincial offices of the KPI report to provincial legislatures (DPRD). The resultant comparative framework was used to gain advice from government experts to develop alternative strategies that are appropriate to the unique circumstances of Indonesia. While the outcomes of the study reveal a complex set of circumstances requiring further investigation the primary challenge appears to be one of selecting an appropriate level of independence for a future converged regulatory body. In conjunction with this, the outcomes move on to consider the creation of a converged regulator in relation to institutional design when addressing convergence.
