This inquiry report examines Australia’s opportunities in the circular economy to improve materials productivity and efficiency in ways that benefit the economy and the environment. It identifies priority circular economy opportunities and advises on how best to measure progress and address barriers.

The 21st edition of this annual report marks the second half of a turbulent decade. The report analyses global risks through three timeframes to support decision makers in balancing current crises and longer-term priorities. It explores the range of implications of these risks and their interconnections, through six in-depth analyses of selected themes.

Highly concentrated markets can be less competitive, leading to higher prices for consumers. Australia’s two largest supermarket chains account for around two-thirds of supermarket sales. This, combined with recent food price increases, has created renewed interest in how supermarket prices and supplier relationships are regulated. This paper outlines the context and current regulatory mechanisms.

This report examines the role of taxation settings affecting housing investment in Australia, noting that housing is one of the most heavily taxed items in the economy. It proposes that governments need to first fix housing supply, not seek to increase tax imposts on housing supply.

By examining the design and performance of Australia’s employment services system, this brief identifies structural and accountability gaps that prevent the system from supporting job seekers into meaningful employment. The paper invites policymakers to rethink what success looks like by reimagining employment services as a mechanism for empowerment – shifting from short-term outcomes to sustained...